Overhaul or the English word Overhaul means basic repairs, which can be repairs of anything. It covers from the smallest parts of mechanical and electronic equipment to industrial devices and tools. Basic repairs are a completely specialized work; Because in today's era and due to the complexity of industrial devices, these equipments also require specialized repairs. Therefore, it is necessary to use expert forces in mechanics, electronics, industries and safety for repairs. Specialized repairs are required for the basic repair of refineries and other equipment and industrial networks. These repairs include dismounting and remounting, complete inspection, repairs, and engine inspection.
What is the purpose of ureal?
Every industrial machine needs repairs after a period of operation. In addition to preventing possible defects, these repairs can also guarantee the health and safety of the systems. These problems include:
Internal cramps
The biggest problem of these equipments is the accumulation of scale, which the main masses are:
A large part of this mass is iron sulfur, which is formed from the contact of petroleum materials with the surface of the equipment and parts.
Heavy polymer materials and coke are among the materials that cause blockage of paths and equipment fouling. If it is not dealt with on time, they may also cause accidents. Refinery coolers are another place where sediment and debris and even hard water materials will cause the passage to be blocked. /p>
Surface cramps
Clogging may occur on towers and trays. In this case, it will reduce the efficiency of the devices and premature wear of the equipment.
Charity and abrasion
Materials such as sulfur and nitrogen, along with products, when they pass through the pipe and equipment, due to the speed, heat and pressure that exists, cause corrosion and wear of the equipment and the metals in the parts. These corrosions and abrasions caused by these materials will eventually cause the thickness of the equipment to be lost. give.
Know the steps of overweight and basic repairs
In the overhaul, all the equipment and parts that have been closed before are opened, and after de-scaling and complete washing, possible defects are identified and fixed. Also, if needed, new parts and complete renovation of the equipment will be done. After completing the review process, all parts are closed and started. All these things are done in steps which are:
Inspection of equipment
Corrosion takes place in different parts of the pipes and in the areas where the material flows, and usually these points are variable. Therefore, these points should be inspected and controlled more sensitively and accurately in the pipes where the materials pass with more speed and intensity.
If the corrosiveness of the pipe allows the equipment to work again, clean it. Otherwise, if the corrosion of the pipe is excessive, it is better to replace that part.
Insulation
Sometimes the amount of corrosion in the parts that have insulation is not determined correctly. Sometimes even some devices can't diagnose it. The areas that have insulation, especially when there is moisture around the device, make troubleshooting difficult; As a result, the best control and inspection should be done by the operator. Otherwise, these corrosions remain hidden from the eyes and small and sometimes big accidents may occur.
What is the standard interval between two oral and major repairs?
The standard time interval between two overhauls for refineries has been three years in the past. It is true that with the advancement of equipment to identify defects and corrosion, this time has been changed to 4 years for some equipment, but for catalytic units due to the sensitivities mentioned, and units such as distillation units are among the parts where the time interval for major repairs is the same as 3. It has been a year and it has not changed.
Better repairs are better to do?
Major repairs are done before the device reaches a state of failure or failure. This operation is a predictable activity and plays the role of preventing breakage, perforation, accident and explosion in refinery equipment.
As you know, overhaul work is done according to the scope of the project. Determining the scope of the project is considered as the main key and the problem of major repairs.